1. The term 'Ecology' was coined by A. Haeckel B. Odum C. Warming D. Dudgeon Ans: A
2. The age of pyramid with broad base indicates A. high percentage of young individuals B. low percentage of young individuals C. high percentage of old individuals D. low percentage of old individuals Ans: A
3. Desert regions are characterized by ___ centimeters of rainfall per year. A. less than 5 B. less than 15 C. less than 25 D. over 50 Ans: C
4. Resemblance of one organism to another for protection and hiding is A. Mimicry B. Predation C. Adaptation D. Camouflage Ans:
5. Which is not a part of atmosphere ? A. Light B. Temperature C. Edaphic factor D. Precipitation Ans: A
6. Human population growth ________. A. has an S-shaped curve B. is currently in a logistic phase C. is currently exponential D. has reached carrying capacity Ans: C
7. The term ‘precipitation’ includes A. Rain B. Hails C. Snow D. All forms of water that fall to the ground Ans: C
8. Interactions in which the consumer lives within the host and does slow damage to the host are referred to as A. commensalism B. parasitism C. mutualism D. competition Ans: B
9. An association between two individuals or population where both the benefitted and where neither can survive without the other is A. Commensalism B. Amensalism C. Proto-cooperation D. Mutualism Ans: D
10. Which most often limits the primary productivity of the ecosystem ? A. Solar radiation/light B. Oxygen C. Consumers D. Nitrogen Ans: A
11. Which of the following is the most stable ecosystem? A. Mountain B. Desert C. Forest D. Ocean Ans: D
12. Energy flow in an ecosystem is A. unidirectional B. bidirectional C. multi directional D. All of these Ans: A
13. Which one is nature's cleaner ? A. Consumers B. Producers C. Decomposers and scavengers D. Symbionts Ans: C
14. Who is referred to as the farmer’s friend ? A. Ant B. Sparrow C. Earthworm D. Rabbit Ans: C
15. How much portion of the PAR is captured by the plants? A. 5 – 10% B. 7 – 10% C. 8 – 10% D. 2 – 10% Ans: D
16. The animals which occupy the same trophic level are A. Lion & Bees B. Deer & Bees C. Snakes & Earthworm D. Crow & Cow Ans: D
17. In simple ecosystem with grass, deer and tiger in food chain, how much amount of food available to the tiger if the grass production is one tonne ? A. 100 kg B. 10 kg C. 1 kg D. 100 gm Ans: B
18. In a food chain herbivores/deer are A. Primary producers B. Primary consumers C. Secondary consumers D. Decomposers Ans: B
19. 10% law of flow of energy in ecosystem was proposed by A. Lindeman B. Carl Mobius C. Tansley D. Darwin Ans: A
20. More than 70% of world’s freshwater is contained in A. polar ice B. glaciers and mountains C. antarctica D. green-land Ans: A
21. Which one of the following animals may occupy more than one trophic levels in the same ecosystem at the same time? A. Sparrow B. Lion C. Goat D. Frog Ans: A
22. Which one of the following is not a gaseous biogeochemical cycle in ecosystem ? A. Sulphur cycle B. Phosphorus cycle C. Nitrogen cycle D. Carbon cycle Ans: B
23. Which of the following animal has become almost extinct in India ? A. Wolf B. Rhinoceros C. Hippopotamus D. Cheetah Ans: D
24. Diversity of habitat over the total landscape is called A. beta diversity B. gamma diversity C. landscape diversity D. ecosystem diversity Ans: B
25. Habitat loss and fragmentation, over exploitation, alien species invasion and co-extinction are causes for A. Population explosion B. Migration C. Biodiversity loss D. Pollution Ans: C
26. Which Biosphere reserve known as "Valley of Flower" ? A. Nilgiri B. Sunderbans C. Uttarakhand D. Nokrek Ans: A
27. Plant genes of endangered species are stored in A. gene library B. gene bank C. herbarium D. None of these Ans: B
28. Which National park is the new home of the Indian onehorned rhinoceros ? A. Dudhwa B. Jim Corbett C. Kanha D. Bandhavgarh Ans: A
29. 'Project Tiger' in India was started in A. 1970 B. 1972 C. 1981 D. 1985 Ans: B
30. Which one of the following is an example of Ex-situ conservation? A. Wildlife sanctuary B. Seed bank C. Sacred groves D. National park Ans: B
31. Which one of the following areas in India, is a hot spot of0 biodiversity ? A. Eastern Ghats B. Gangetic Plain C. Sunderbans D. Western Ghats Ans: D
32. Noise pollution is created if noise is in excess to – A. 70-75 dB B. 50-60 dB C. 80-99 dB D. 40-65 dB Ans: C
33. Which of the following is most harmful pollutant ? A. NO₂ B. CO₂ C. SO₂ D. CO Ans: C
34. Volcano is _____________ source of pollution. A. artificial B. natural C. Both (A) and (B) D. man-made Ans: B
35. Ozone layer is formed in which zone of atmosphere A. Mesosphere B. Stratosphere C. Troposphere D. Ionosphere Ans: B
36. Today the concentration of green house gases is very high because of A. use of refrigerator B. increased combustion of oils and coal C. deforestation D. All of the above Ans: D
37. Green house gases include A. CO₂, CFC, CH₄ and NO₂ B. CO₂, O₂, N₂, NO₂ and NH₃ C. CH₄, N₂, CO₂ and NH₃ D. CFC, CO₂, NH₃ and N₂ Ans: A
38. Acid rain is caused due to increase in concentration of (in atmosphere) A. SO₂ and NO2 B. CO and CO2 C. CO and SO3 D. O3 and dust Ans: A
39. Deforestation causes A. soil erosion B. loss of biodiversity C. disturbance in hydrological cycle D. All of the above Ans: D
40. Which constituent of the atmosphere is likely to change if the forest cover is removed ? A. O₂ level is increased B. CO₂ level is increased C. O₂ level is significantly increases D. CO₂ level is significantly decrease Ans: B