The Indian history is one of the fabulous stories of world history and can be best described in the expressions of India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru as "a bundle of contradictions held together by solid yet invisible threads". Indian history can be portrayed as a work in advancement, a continuous procedure of reinvention that can in the end demonstrate subtle for those trying to handle its crucial character. The history of this astonishing sub landmass goes back to right around 75000 years prior with the proof of human activity of Homo sapiens. Amazingly, just about five thousand years back, the inhabitants of the Indus Valley Civilization had built up an urban society taking into account business and managed by horticultural exchange.

The Stone Age: The Stone Age started 500,000 to 200,000 years back and recent finds in Tamil Nadu (at C. 75000 years back, prior and then afterward the blast of the Toba Volcano) demonstrate the nearness of the primary anatomically people in the region. Apparatuses created by proto-people that have been gone back to two million years have been found in the North-western part of the nation. The Bronze Age: The Bronze Age in the Indian subcontinent goes back to around 3300 BCE with the early Indus Valley Civilization. Verifiably some portion of old India, it is one of the world's most punctual, urban civilizations, alongside Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt. Inhabitants of this time developed new techniques in metallurgy and workmanship and created copper, bronze, lead and tin. Early Historic Periods: Vedic Period: The Aryans were the first to attack the nation. They left the North in around 1500 BC and carried with them solid social conventions. Sanskrit, a standout amongst the most antiquated dialects talked by them, was utilized as a part of the main documentation of the Vedas, which go back to the twelfth century BC and are accepted to be most seasoned sacred writings still being used. The Vedas are a portion of the most established surviving writings, beside those in Egypt and Mesopotamia. The Vedic period in the subcontinent endured from around 1500-500 BCE, setting out the establishment of Hinduism and other social measurements of early Indian culture. The Aryans set down Vedic civilization all over North India, especially in the Gangetic Plain. Mahajanapadas: This period saw the second significant ascent in urbanization in India after the Indus valley Civilization. "Maha" implies incredible and "janapada" implies foothold of a tribe. In the later Vedic Age, various small kingdoms or city states had mushroomed over the subcontinent furthermore discover notice in early Buddhist and Jain writing as far back as 1000 BCE. By 500 BCE, sixteen "republics" or Mahajanapadas has been built up, to be specific; Kasi, Kosala, Anga, Magadha, Vajji (or Vriji), Malla, Chedi, Vatsa (or Vamsa), Kuru, Panchala, Matsya, Surasena, Assaka, Avanti, Gandhara, and Kamboja. Persian and Greek Conquests: A significant part of the Northwest subcontinent (as of now Afghanistan and Pakistan) went under the tenet of the Persian Achaemenid Empire in C. 520 BCE under the principle of Darius the Great and remained so for two centuries. In 326 BCE, Alexander the Great conquered Asia Minor and the Achaemenid Empire, when he achieved the Northwest boondocks of the Indian subcontinent he crushed King Porus and conquered the most of Punjab. Maurya Empire: The Maurya Empire, ruled by the Mauryan Dynasty from 322-185 BCE was a geologically broad and powerful political and military domain in old India, built up in the subcontinent by Chandragupta Maurya in Magadha (present-day Bihar) and it further flourished under Ashoka the Great. Antiquated India Timeline: Ancient Period: (400000 BC - 1000 BC): The period when man, essentially a sustenance gatherer, found fire and wheel. Indus Valley Civilization: (2500 BC - 1500 BC): Derived its name from the stream Indus and blossomed with farming and adored characteristic strengths. Epic Age: (1000 BC - 600 BC): The period saw the aggregation of the Vedas, refinement of Varnas as far as Aryans and Dasas (slaves). Hinduism and Transition: (600 BC - 322 BC): As position framework turned out to be more unbending, the period saw the approach of Mahavira and Buddha who defied casteism. Mahajanapadas were shaped - Magadha under Bimbisara and Ajat Shatru and Shisunanga and Nanda tradition. The Mauryan Age: (322 BC - 185 BC): Founded by Chandragupta Maurya, the empire incorporated the whole North India and Bindusara further extended it. In the wake of battling the Kalinga war, Ashoka grasped Buddhism. The Invasions: (185 BC - 320 AD): The period saw the intrusion of Bactrians, Parthians, Shakas and Kushans, opening of Central Asia for exchange, issuance of GOLD coins and presentation of the Saka time. Deccan and South India: (65 BC - 250 AD): The southern part was ruled by Cholas, Cheras and Pandyas this period is known for development of Ajanta and Ellora hollow sanctuaries, Sangam writing, and entry of Christianity to India. The Gupta Dynasty: (320 AD - 520 AD): The Gupta tradition established by Chandragupta I, introduced established age in north India with Samudragupta amplifying his kingdom and Chandragupta II battling against Shakas. Shakuntalam and Kamasutra were composed amid this period, Aryabhatta accomplished deeds in Astronomy and Bhakti religion rose. Time of Small Kingdoms: (500 AD - 606 AD): The period saw relocations from Central Asia and Iran as Hunas moved to north India. There was ascent of numerous little kingdoms as the North was isolated into warring kingdoms. Harshavardhana: (606 AD - 647 AD): The well-known Chinese explorer Hieun Tsang went to India amid Emperor Harshawardhana's rule. However, his kingdom disintegrated into little states even as Hunas attacked. It was a period when the Deccan and the south turned out to be powerful. The Southern Kingdoms: (500 AD - 750 AD): Empire of Chalukyas, Pallavas and Pandya thrived. Zoroastrians (Parsis) came to India. Chola Empire: (ninth Cent. AD - thirteenth Cent. AD): Founded by Vijayawada, the Chola realm received an oceanic arrangement. Sanctuaries got to be social and social focuses and Dravadian dialects thrived. The Northern Kingdoms: (750 AD - 1206 AD): The Rashtrakutas turned out to be capable, Pratiharas ruled in Avanti and Palas ruled Bengal. The period likewise saw development of Rajput groups. Sanctuaries at Khajuraho, Kanchipuram and Puri were manufactured and smaller than expected painting began. The period saw attack from the Turks. Battles that have Shaped the History of India:- In the long walk of hundreds of years, India has seen the rise and fall of a few domains and conquerors. The political guide of pre-cutting edge India, before the British arrived, was comprised of innumerable kingdoms with fluctuating limits that rendered the nation powerless against remote invasions. There have been different lines battling fights among themselves and against outside trespassers - Aryans, Persians, and Greeks, Chinese migrants, Arabs, Mughals, French, Dutch, Portuguese, British and others. Wave after influx of outside aggressors slid on India, established domains and left a profound engraving on the history and society of the nation. However, none couldn't curb or enslave the unyielding soul of Bharatvarsh. As history is an awesome instructor, it is fascinating to summarize a portion of the major battles that have marked turning points in the history of India:

• Clash of Buxar
• Seleucid-Mauryan War
• Kalinga War
• Clash of Haldighati
• Rohilla War
• Clash of the Hydaspes
• Huna Invasions of India
• Nadir Shah's Invasion of India
• Timur attacks India
• Old English Maratha Wars
• Sakas Invade India
• To start with Turkish Invasion of The Deccan
• Mahmud Ghazni's Invasions of India
• Old English Sikh War
• Attack of Pondicherry
• Attacks of Muhammad Ghori
• Middle Easterner Invasion of Sind under Mohammed-canister Qasim
• Fourth Anglo-Mysore War

The Mughal Empire: In 1526, Babur, a relative of Timur and Gengis Kahn from Fergana Valler (present-day Uzbekistan) cleared over the Khyber Pass and set up the Mughal Empire which secured cutting edge Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. The Mughal administration controlled a large portion of the Indian subcontinent till 1600; after which it went into decrease after 1707 and was finally defeated amid India's first war of Independence in 1857. Family Tree of Mughals:-

• 1526-1530: Babur
• 1530-1556: Humayun
• 1556-1605: Akbar
• 1605-1627: Jahangir
• 1627-1658: Shah Jahan
• 1658-1707: Aurangzeb

Pilgrim Era: From the sixteenth century, European forces from Portugal, Netherlands, France and the United Kingdom set up exchanging posts in India. Later, they exploited inner conflicts and set up settlements in the nation. The British Rule: The British Rule in India started with the happening to the British East India Company in 1600 prompting the tenet of Queen Victoria. It finished in the First War of Indian Independence in 1857. Heroic Figures of 1857: Bahadur Shah Zafar: Most rebelling Indians accepted Bahadur Shah Zafar as the Emperor of India under whom they joined together. Be that as it may, he tumbled to the wily intrigues of the British. His fall denoted the end of over three centuries of Mughal standard in India. Bakht Khan: Bakht Khan, a subedar in the armed force of the East India Company, developed a multitude of Rohilla sepoys. After sepoys in Meerut rebelled against the British in May 1857, he got to be leader of the sepoy strengths in Delhi. Mangal Pandey: Mangal Pandey, part of the 34th Bengal Native Infantry, is basically known for his association in assault on his senior British officers on 29th March 1857 at Barrackpore, an occurrence that marked the start of the First War of Indian Independence. Nana Sahib: Nana Sahib, the embraced child of ousted Maratha Peshwa Baji Rao II, drove the rebellion at Kanpur. Rani Lakshmibai: She battled valiantly against the British troops alongside Tatya Tope. In any case, on the seventeenth of June 1858, while engaging against the British close to the Phool Bagh area of Gwalior, she laid down her life. Tatya Tope: Tatya Tope, a nearby partner and general of Nana Sahib, battled against the British and joined constrained with Rani Lakshmibai. Veer Kunwar Singh: The lord of Jagdispur, right now a piece of Bhojpur region, Bihar, Veer Kunwar Singh, drove furnished warriors against the British troops. The Indian Independence Movement and Mahatma Gandhi: In the twentieth century Mahatma Gandhi drove a large number of people in a national crusade of peaceful common disobedience to acquire independence from the British in 1947. Leaders of freedom struggle:

1. Bhagat Singh: Bhagat Singh is appropriately thought to be the most persuasive progressive during the Independence development for India. When we think about every one of the saints who gave away their life for the pride and respect of their homeland, we frequently recollect "Shaheed" Bhagat Singh. From looking for requital on Lala Lajpat Rai's demise and 1929 get together bomb tossing occurrence to the 116 days quick in prison, Singh was not a devotee to Gandhian philosophy of Satyagraha and peacefulness. At 23 years old Singh was sentenced to death alongside Rajguru and Sukhdev while each of them three kissed the rope, put it around their neck themselves and kicked the bucket for Bharat Mata. Singh's demise turned out to be an enlivening for the young of the country which got resolved to make India the Independent India.
2. Mahatma Gandhi: The man whose photo we see each day on the coin of this nation, the Father of the Nation, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was a notable identity. His surrendered everything to make India a free and autonomous nation. Mahatma was a devotee to peacefulness and a man with exceptionally solid ethics and qualities. His incalculable commitments to the nation incorporates his endeavors towards facilitating destitution, growing ladies rights, finishing untouchability or more all, bringing Swaraj-Self-guideline. Gandhi drove development and battles like Dandi Salt March, Quit India Movement, Non Cooperation Movement, Satyagraha among numerous others. If not for this old man, India would have kept on living under pioneer principle for atleast a couple of more years.
3. Subash Chandra Bose: Another awesome flexibility warrior was Subhash Chandra Bose who was the originator of Indian National Army, all the more prevalently known as "Azad Hind Fauj". Subhash Chandra Bose was an adherent to Swami Vivekananda's lessons and had a devoted energy even as an understudy. Amid his days in Calcutta University, he had beat one of his British teachers who made a bigot comment over Indian understudies. Bose was a radical and he joined the Indian National Congress and later turned into its leader. "Tum mujhe khoon do, primary tumhe azadi dunga" (You give me blood, and I guarantee you opportunity). These are the ever celebrated words said by Netaji in his discourse which inspired countless to take up extraordinary and genuine activities towards liberating their homeland from pioneer powers.
4. Chandra Shekar Azad: With regards to recollecting the intense souls who gave away their life to see India getting freedom Chandra Shekhar Azad is a certain name. One of the best flexibility contenders and a progressive, Chandra Shekhar Azad was resolved to free India by any methods. To begin with taking an interest in Gandhi's non collaboration development, Azad later executed the utilization of arms for the battle of opportunity. The remarkable commitments by Azad incorporate foundation of Hindustan Socialist Republic Association, coaching and empowering other youthful progressives like Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev and foundation of Jhansi camp. Chandra Shekhar Azad hated the British standard to such degree that he finished his life by shooting himself since he favored passing on with pride as opposed to by the hands of British police.
5. Jawaharlal Nehru: The first Prime Minister of autonomous India Jawahar Lal Nehru hasn't increased much acknowledgment as a flexibility contender which he merits. Naturally introduced to a political family Jawahar Lal Nehru spent a large portion of his instructive years in England however then came back to India as the battle for flexibility had been at the forefront of his thoughts for quite a while. Nehru was a staunch Gandhian. He had faith in Satyagraha and was enthused about adjusting the peaceful techniques for the opportunity battle. Jawahar Lal Nehru effectively participated in the non-collaboration development in 1920 and after that the Civil Disobedience Movement. The most recent days of opportunity battle saw fiery crusades by Nehru and at last he assumed the liability as a Prime Minister of India to assemble another country with a fruitful economy.
6. Rani Lakshmi Bai: The Indian battle for opportunity wasn't only a man's issue however a great many ladies too battled with grit to bring back this current country's pride and Rani Lakshmi Bai's name sparkles in the rundown. "Khoob ladi mardani wo to Jhansi wali Rani thi" (She battled a man's war, she was Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansi). These words brilliantly discuss the valiance with which she battled the British armed force to spare her rule over the Princely condition of Jhansi. Rani Lakshmi Bai drove her troop, the biggest ladies armed force till date, and battled the fight against the British.
7. Dr. Rajendra Prasad: We recall Dr. Rajendra Prasad as the primary president of The Republic of India yet he additionally assumed an awesome part in the flexibility battle of the nation and is appropriately alluded to as the planner of Constitution of India. Dr. Rajendra Prasad, a supporter of Mahatma Gandhi joined the Indian National Congress amid the Independence development and turned into a noteworthy pioneer from the district of Bihar. He was a dynamic individual from the Salt Satyagraha and Quit India Movement and was detained by the British powers amid these developments.
8. Sardar Vallabhai Patel: A noticeable pioneer of Indian National Congress, Sardar vallabhai Patel assumed a main part in India's battle for autonomy. Vallabhai Patel partook in Satyagraha keeping in mind Mahatma Gandhi was in jail he drove the Satyagraha in Nagpur. Sardar Vallabhai Patel additionally effectively took an interest in Civil Disobedience Movement and Quit India Movement.
9. Bahadur Shah Zafar: The last Mughal Emperor of India Bahadur Shah Zafar was an incredible opportunity warrior to a great extent required in the Indian Rebeliion of 1857. He was the pioneer of the Sepoys and drove his armed force for the Sepoy insurrection against the East India Company. Seeing his defiant exercises Bahadur Shah Zafar was ousted to Rangoon which is presently in Bangladesh.
10. Mangal Pandey: A Soldier in the army of British East India Company, Mangal Pandey was one of the main flexibility warriors of India. Pandey was a Sepoy who ascended against the British principle amid the Great Revolt of 1857. Mangal Pandey assaulted his British officers, rebelled against the lubed cartridges being utilized by the British powers and assumed an essential part in the Barrack pore Unrest. Mangal Pandey battled with tirelessness for the flexibility of this nation and because of his disobedience he was hanged till death in 1857.
11. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar: Responsible for the formulation of Indian constitution, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar has assumed a colossal part in molding the present day India and changing a large number of abused individuals into stately and capable residents of India. Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar was naturally introduced to a Dalit family which made him a casualty of the standing framework. He changed over to Buddhism furthermore helped other low rank individuals to transcend the torment led towards them. Dr. Ambedkar was an imperative part of the social transformation and was made the main Law Minister of India.
12. Sarojini Naidu: Recognized as the Nightingale of India, artist and social dissident Sarojini Naidu made critical commitments amid the autonomy battle of India. Sarojini Naidu was the main lady to be chosen as the legislative head of an Indian state and the Indian National Congress. She traversed diverse states conveying addresses on social welfare and her verse turned into the medium of conveying the message of autonomy.

Freedom and Partition: Religious strain between the Hindus and Muslims had been fermenting throughout the years, particularly in territories like Punjab and West Bengal, complemented by the British arrangement of gap and run the show. All through this Mahatma Gandhi called for solidarity among the two religious gatherings. The British, whose economy had been debilitated after World War-II, chose to leave India and prepared for the arrangement of a between time government. In the long run, the British Indian regions picked up autonomy in 1947, in the wake of being apportioned into the Union of India and the Dominion of Pakistan. Post-Independence Period: The same number of human advancements the Greek, the Roman, and the Egyptian - rose and fell, leaving just destroys, the Indian civilization and society stayed unscathed. Indeed, even wave after flood of intruders dropped on the nation, established realms and ruled over its distinctive parts, the unstoppable soul of Bharatvarsh couldn't be enslaved. Today, India walks gladly as the most dynamic republic and biggest majority rules system of the world, a compelling country in South Asia and a developing worldwide superpower. India is the second biggest nation in Asia and the seventh biggest and second most crowded nation on Earth. It involves as much as 33% of Asia and backings one seventh of mankind.

1. In between which years does Babur ruled the India sub-continent? A. 1536-1546 B. 1526-1546 C. 1526-1530 D. 1526-1536 Answer-C 2. Who founded the Mauryan age? A. Aurangzeb B. Babur C. Chandra Gupta Maurya D. Chandra Shekar Azad Answer-C 3. Two of the Mughals wrote their own memories. There were? A. Humayun and Babar B. Akbar and Humayun C. Babar and Akbar D. Babar and Jahangir Answer-D 4. When the Bakhta Khan does became the commander of the sepoy forces in Delhi? A. 1847 B. 1857 C. 1867 D. 1877 Answer-B 5. When does the Mangal Pandey attacked on his senior British officers at barrack pore? A. 19 Aug1957 B. 19 July 1957 C. 19 June 1947 D. 19 march 1957 Answer-D 6. When does the Battle of Fourth Anglo-Mysore war? A. 1799 B. 1777 C. 1785 D. 1788 Answer-A 7. When does the Battle of Buxar took place? A. 1750 B. 1745 C. 1769 D. 1764 Answer-D 8. In between which years does Aurangzeb ruled the India sub-continent? A. 1658-1700 B. 1658-1707 C. 1658-1720 D. 1658-1698 Answer-B 9. When India did got the Independence? A. 1947 B. 1948 C. 1958 D. 1968 Answer-A 10. In between which years does Akbar ruled the India sub-continent? A. 1556-1559 B. 1556-1605 C. 1556-1610 D. 1556-1600 Answer-B