Indian railways is claimed and worked by the legislature of India through service of rail lines. Indian railways is the one of the world's biggest rail line system of 115,000 km over a course of 65,808 km and 7,112 stations. In the year 2014 – 2015 the Indian railways conveyed the 8.397 billion traveler's annually. In the year 2014 – 2015 the Indian rail route had incomes of 1634.50 billion and 402.80 billion from the tickets. The Indian railways were initially presented in the year 1853 from Mumbai to Thane. In 1951 the Indian railways were nationalized and getting to be one of the biggest system on the planet and Indian railroad working both long separation and rural rail frameworks. The Indian railways is the world's seventh biggest utility business, with more than 1.334 million workers as of distributed in 2013, Indian railways holds more than 245,267 wagons, 66392 traveler mentors,  10,499 trains. The trains have 5 digit numbering framework and runs 12,617 traveler trains and 7421 prepares every day, as of walk 2013 21,614 km of the aggregate 65,808 km course length was jolted and practically since 1950 all charged segments on Indian rail line utilizes 25,000 volt AC.

The Railway transport of India was started in the mid nineteenth century. In 1849 there was not a solitary kilo meter of railroad line in India. The British designer Robert Maitland Brereton was in charge of the extension of the railways from 1857 onwards. Indian Railways:

• The Allahabad-Jubbulpore (presently called Jabalpur) branch line the East Indian railway was opened in 1867. The East Indian rail line is a consolidated system of 6,400 km then it got to be to venture out from Bombay to Calcutta. This course was authoritatively opened on seventh March 1870.
• By the 1875 about $95 million was put by British organizations in Indian ensured railways and by the 1880 the course has a mileage of around 14,500 km.
• In 1990 the GIPR turned into a legislature possessed organization, the system has spread to alternate conditions of Assam, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh and soon different autonomous kingdoms started to have a started their own particular rail frameworks.
• In 1907 all the rail organizations were taken by the administration. In the year 1920 the railway system extended to 61,220 km a requirement for focal administration mooted by Sir William Acworth.
• The period 1920 to 1929 was a time of financial blast there were a 41,000 miles of railroad lines serving the nation. The railroad languished financially over the following eight years.
• Second World War severally injured the railroads. Beginning 1939 around 40% of the moving stock including trains and mentors was taken to the Middle East, the railroad workshops were changed over to ammo workshops. By 1946 all rail frameworks had been taken by the administration.

Railway Zones: The railways are isolated into a few zones, which are sub partitioned into divisions. The railway zones were expanded from 6 to 8 in 1951 and 9 in 1952 and sixteen in 2003 furthermore Kolkata metro zone has included December 2010. Presently the aggregate of seventeen zones are partitioned into sixty eight divisions headed by the general supervisor who reports straightforwardly to railroad board. All divisions are under the control of divisional railway chiefs. Indian Railway Zones, Divisions, Headquarters: Production Units: Recruitment and Training: Staff are arranged into periodical (Group "An" and 'B') and non-journal (Group "C" and 'D') workers. The enrollment of Group "A" gazetted are done by the union open administration commission through the exam. The enlistment of Group "C" and "D" workers on the Indian railways is done through Railway enrollment board which are controlled by the Railway Recruitment Control Board. The preparation of the considerable number of frameworks is depended and shared by the six brought together preparing organizations. Goods Wagons or Freight Cars: The quantity of products wagons was 205,596 on 31st March 1951 and came to 405,183 on 31st March 1980 after which it is begun declining and was 219,931 on 31st March 2010. The number is far shorter than the enlistment. The Indian railroad conveyed 93 million tons of merchandise in 1950-51 and it expanded to 892 tons in 2009-2010. Types of Passenger Services: Passenger Coaches: Indian railways have a few sorts of traveler mentors. Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) Coaches are utilized for rural activity substantial urban communities principally Bombay, Chennai, Delhi, Calcutta, Pune, Hyderabad and Banglore. These trains have inferior and top of the line convenience. The traveler mentors numbered 43,518 on March 2010. Railway Links to Adjacent Countries:

• Nepal – Break of gauge – gauge conversion under uni-gauge project.
• Pakistan – Same expansive gage. Thar express to Karachi and more well-known Samjhauta Express, universal train from Lahore, Pakistan, to Amrister.
• Bangladesh – Same broad gauge. The Maitri Express between Dhaka and Kolkata started in April 2008 using the Gede-Darsana route, in addition to the train service from Singhabad and Petrapole in India to Rohanpur and Benapole in Bangladesh A second passenger link between Agartala, Indiaand Upajila, Bangladesh was approved by the government of India in September 2011.

Proposed links:

• Bhutan – Railways under construction.
• Myanmar – Manipur to Myanmar (under construction).
• China – Indian Railways and Rail compelling voices in People's Republic of China are interested on beginning a high speed rail link that would connect New Delhi with Kunming, China, by means of Myanmar.
• Vietnam – on ninth April 2010, previous union Minister of India, Shashi Tharoor reported as the central government is thinking about the rail join between the Manipur to Vietnam.
• Thailand – conceivable of Burma railway is modified. Would permit trains to Malaysia and Singapore.

Notable Trains and Achievements: There are two UNESCO world heritage sites on Indian Railway Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus and the Mountain Railways of India. And also three separate Indian railway lines located in different parts of India.

• Kolkata – Shimla, a narrow gauge railway in the Shivalik Mountains in Himachal Pradesh.
• Maharaja Railways, a narrow gauge line of just 610 mm width from Gwalior to Sheopur of 198 km. in length world’s longest narrow gauge railway line in the UNESCO world heritage list.
• Samjhauta Express is a train that runs between India and Pakistan. The line between the two nations is closed in 2001 and reopened when the hostilities subsided in 2004. Another train connecting the India and Pakistan is the Thar Express that restarted in 18th February 2006, earlier closed down after the 1965 Indo-Pak war.
• Lifeline Express is a special train popularly known as ‘Hospitals on wheels’ it provides the health care to the rural areas.
• Vivek Express, between the Dibrugarh and kanyakumari is the longest train in distance. It covers 4,286 km in about 82 hours and 30 minutes.
• Himasagar Express between the kanyakumari and Jammu Tawi, has the second longest train in distance and covers 3,715 km in about 69 hours and 30 minutes.
• Gorakhpur railway station located in the city of Gorakhpur in the state of Uttar Pradesh started on 6th October 2013, became the world’s longest platform.

South Central Railway Zone: South Central railway zone is the one of the 17 zones in India. It is headquartered at Secunderabad. Following are the divisions.

1. Secunderabad
2. Hyderabad
3. Guntakal
4. Vijayawada
5. Guntur
6. Nanded

South Central Zone covers the areas of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra and very small areas in Madhya Pradesh. Infrastructure: South Central Railway laid 342.805 Rkm of new lines and expanded to 1272.453 Rkm from MG to BG and carried out a doubling of track on 1272.453 Rkm and constructed major bridges including Engineering marvel, GodavariBridge and Govadhavari Bridge at Rajahmundry. It has established a computerized passenger reservation system at 85 stations. South central Railway freight operations reservation system in its jurisdiction and introduced rack management system at 23 stations and terminal management system at 31 stations. Timeline: 1970’s:

• Rail nilayam, Secunderabad, the building housing zonal headquarters office of the south central railway was opened.
• Super-fast Express between the Hyderabad and New Delhi was introduced on 3rd October 1976.
• The first ever microwave lab on Indian railways was commissioned in secunderabad in south central railway in 1979.

1980’s:

• The first electrified route from Vijayawada to Guntur on south central railway system was inaugurated on 15th December 1980.
• The first tie tamping machine in south central railway was introduced on January, 1983.
• The Electric loco shed, Vijayawada was inaugurated in April, 1980 with the capacity to maintain the 100 electric locomotives.
• The carriage repair shop at Tirupati with a with a capacity overhaul 100 BG coaches was commissioned in September 1985.

1990's:

• The south central railway had introduced 5000 HP electric locomotives for passenger transport in May, 1995.
• The ballast cleaning Machine in south central railway was introduced in May, 1990.
• The carriage workshop at Tirupati was granted ISO 9002 Certification in May 1999.
• Computerized passenger reservation system, secunderabad was linked to PRS/Mumbai on 31st January 1999.
• Wagon workshop, Guntupalli, Vijayawada was granted ISO 9002 Certification in March 1999.
• Andhra Pradesh Express was augmented to 24 coaches from 30th November 1995 followed by Charminar Express, Govadari Express and Pinakini Express.
• The first mobile police station was introduced by Hyderabad- Tirupati Narayanadri Express in April, 1998.

2000's:

• The wireless communication between Drivers – guard – Station Manager was introduced in south central Railway in 1999.
• Passenger operated enquiry terminal was introduced at secunderabad station on 31-12-1999 expanded to 11 Stations by July 2004.
• The first solar powered color light signals on south central was provided at LC gate No. 55 near Gudivada Station of Vijayawada Division in January 2000.
• Rajdhani Express was introduced between the Secunderabad and the New Delhi on 12th February 2002.
• The first electric multiple unit service on S.C. Railway was completed by Railtel Corporation on 30 June 2003.
• The office of the Senior Divisional Advisor was granted ISO 9002/2000 certificate on 16th March 2004.
• South Central railway has carried out boubling the track of 1272.453 km since its inception in 1966 till July, 2004.
• South Central was electrified 1,706 km since its inception in 1966 till July, 2004.
• In 2009, Hyderabad division became the first division in south central railway to have LED based color light at all the signals.

Railway Ministers since Independence: Metro Rails in India:

1. When the Indian Railway has founded? A. 16 April 1859 B. 16 April 1853 C. 16 April 1953 D. 16 April 1950 Answer-C 2. Who is the first Indian Railway Minister? A. A K Mittal B. Mr. Suresh Prabhu C. John Mathai D. Gopalaswamy Answer-B 3. When the south central railway zone has established? A. 03-10-1956 B. 03-10-1996 C. 02-10-1976 D. 02-10-1966 Answer-D 4. The headquarters of south western railways is? A. Secunderabad B. Bengaluru C. Belgaum D. Hubli Answer-D 5. The headquarters of North Western Railways is? A. Jaipur B. Allahabad C. Hubli D. Secunderabad Answer-A 6. When the Central railway zone has established? A. 1960 B. 1950 C. 1952 D. 1951 Answer-D 7. The Headquarters of the south central railway zone is? A. Bengalore B. Secunderabad C. Chennai D. Maharashtra Answer-B 8. Who is the present Railway Minister of India? A. Nitish Kumar B. Mamata Banerjee C. Manoj Sinha D. Suresh Prabhu Answer-C 9. When the first electrified route has inaugurated? A. 15 August 1970 B. 15 December 1970 C. 15 December 1980 D. 15 December 1990 Answer-C 10. When the computerized passenger reservation, Secunderabad was linked to Mumbai (CST)? A. 30 January 1995 B. 10 January 1980 C. 31 January 1990 D. 31 January 1999 Answer-D