Reasoning Ability - SPLessons
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Non Verbal Series

shape Description

Non Verbal Series or Non-Verbal Reasoning primarily involves the ability to understand and analyse visual information. Based on the visual information analysis, the questions in Non Verbal Series should be solved using visual reasoning. Examples include: identifying relationships between figures, similarities and differences between shapes and patterns, recognizing visual sequences and relationships between objects.
Non Verbal Series questions are based on the continuation of figures in the series. There are different kinds of problems with the arrangement/series. However, the fundamental concept for every series is the same. There is a grouping of figures representing a change step by step in order. One figure from the given alternatives is either out of order and has to be discarded or one figure from the given alternatives must be chosen which would continue the series.

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shape Concept

Non Verbal Series - Types of Series:-
    1. Five figure arrangement.
    2. Three and four figure arrangement.
    3. Selecting the missing figure in an arrangement.
    4. Identifying the wrong pattern in an arrangement.
    5. Identifying the incorrect figure in an arrangement.

1. Five figure arrangement:
Given arrangement comprises of five figures numbered shaping the arrangement of problem figures, trailed by five different figures A, B, C, D and E framing the arrangement of answer figures. The five back to back problem figures shape a positive grouping. Choose one of the figures from the arrangement of answer figures which will proceed with the same series.
2. Three and four figure arrangement:
This type of problems are similar to discussion in kind I. The only difference being that in this case, the series or the sequence is indicated by either three or four problem figures and it is required to select a figure from amongst the answer figures, which would follow the problem figure to continue the series.
3. Selecting the missing figure in an arrangement:
An arrangement of five (or four) figures labelled 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, called problem figures that take after a specific succession and hence frame an arrangement. However, one of these five figures is missing and is shown by a question mark '?'. A figure is to be chosen from another arrangement of five figures named A, B, C, D and E, called answer figures, that would replace the question mark in order to build up the arrangement.
4. Identifying the wrong pattern in an arrangement:
An unnumbered figure is followed by five other figures numbered as 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. All the six figures together form a series. The unnumbered figure denote the start of the arrangement thus its position is altered. In any case, the positions of two of the figures in the arrangement are mistaken and the arrangement would be built up if these two figures are exchanged. It is required to recognise these two figures. The earlier of these two figures is the answer. In case, the positions of no two figures is to be interchanged, then the answer is 5.
5. Identifying the incorrect figure in an arrangement:
In seven figures framing an arrangement, the primary figure on the extreme left is an unnumbered figure that denotes the start of the arrangement. The figure on the extreme right is another unnumbered figure that denotes the end of the arrangement. The remaining figures are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 from left to right. However, one of these five figures does not fit along with the arrangement and should be exchanged. Select the figure that does not belong to the arrangement and the number of this figure is the answer.

shape Q & A

1: Given an arrangement comprises of five figures numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 shaping the arrangement of problem figures, trailed by five different figures A, B, C, D and E framing the arrangement of answer figures. The five back to back problem figures shape a positive grouping. Choose one of the figures from the arrangement of answer figures which will proceed with the same series. (G.I.C. A.A.O. 2006)
Problem Figures:-

Answer Figures:-
    A. B. C. D. E.

Solution: The circle and the triangle remain unchanged while the third component is replaced by another part in the first, third, fifth, .... steps. The components movement in each step is as shown below:

Therefore, option C is the correct figure.
2: Given an arrangement comprises of five figures numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 shaping the arrangement of problem figures, trailed by five different figures A, B, C, D and E framing the arrangement of answer figures. The five back to back problem figures shape a positive grouping. Choose one of the figures from the arrangement of answer figures which will proceed with the same series.
Problem Figures:-

Answer Figures:-
    A. B. C. D. E.

Solution: The arrow moves one, two, three, four, .... spaces anti clock wise sequentially. The arrow head changes in the arrangement: circle → arc → triangle → circle → ....... Therefore, option E is the answer.
3: Given an arrangement comprises of five figures numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 shaping the arrangement of problem figures, trailed by five different figures A, B, C, D and E framing the arrangement of answer figures. The five back to back problem figures shape a positive grouping. Choose one of the figures from the arrangement of answer figures which will proceed with the same series. (S.I.D.B.I. 2000)
Problem Figures:-

Answer Figures:-
    A. B. C. D. E.

Solution: The symbols move in the sequences shown below alternatively:

In every step, the symbol that reaches the encircled position, gets replaced by a new symbol. Therefore, option D is the answer.
4: Choose a figure from the answer set figures named A, B, C, D, E which would proceed with the arrangement showed by the four figures of the problem set figures numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4. (R.R.B. 2004)
Problem Figures:-

Answer Figures:-
    A. B. C. D. E.

Solution: In clock wise direction, the arrow moves one, two, three, four, .... spaces sequentially. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.
5: An arrangement of four figures marked 1, 2, 3, and 4 figures framing a figure series is given, out of which of the last one i.e. figure 4 is missing. Recognise from amongst the four answers, denoted A, B, C and D, the one which would replace the question mark (?) in figure 4 so as to proceed the arrangement. (S.S.C. 2004)
Problem Figures:-

Answer Figures:-
    A. B. C. D.

Solution: The cross moves to the adjacent corner in anti clock wise direction in every step. The circle moves to the adjacent corner in a clockwise direction in every step. Therefore, option A is the answer.
6: An arrangement of five (or four) figures labelled 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, called problem figures that take after a specific succession and hence frame an arrangement. However, one of these five figures is missing and is shown by a question mark '?'. Chosen from another arrangement of five figures named A, B, C, D and E, called answer figures, that would replace the question mark in order to build up the arrangement. (Bank P.O. 2002)
Problem Figures:-

Answer Figures:-
    A. B. C. D. E.

Solution: One line segment is removed from the right hand side component and one line segment is added to the left hand side component in every step. The removal of the line segments from the right hand side component takes place on right and left sides alternatively and addition of line segments in the left hand side component takes place on left and right sides alternately. Therefore, option D is the answer.
7: An arrangement of five (or four) figures labelled 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, called problem figures that take after a specific succession and hence frame an arrangement. However, one of these five figures is missing and is shown by a question mark '?'. Chosen from another arrangement of five figures named A, B, C, D and E, called answer figures, that would replace the question mark in order to build up the arrangement. (Bank P.O. 2002)
Problem Figures:-

Answer Figures:-
    A. B. C. D. E.

Solution: 2, 3, 2, 3 .... line segments are added to the upper-left component sequentially; 1, 2, 3, 4, ... line segments are lost from the upper-right component sequentially; 1, 2, 3, 4, ... line segments are added to the lower-left component sequentially; and Two line segments are added to the lower-right component in each step. Therefore, option D is the answer.
8: An arrangement of five (or four) figures labelled 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, called problem figures that take after a specific succession and hence frame an arrangement. However, one of these five figures is missing and is shown by a question mark '?'. Chosen from another arrangement of five figures named A, B, C, D and E, called answer figures, that would replace the question mark in order to build up the arrangement. (B.S.R.B. 2000)
Problem Figures:-

Answer Figures:-
    A. B. C. D. E.

Solution: 4, 3, 2, 1, ... crosses are added to the figure sequentially. The addition takes place in lower and upper squares alternately. Therefore, option E is the answer.
9: An unnumbered figure is followed by five other figures numbered as 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. All the six figures together form a series. The unnumbered figure denote the start of the arrangement thus its position is altered. In any case, the positions of two of the figures in the arrangement are mistaken and the arrangement would be built up if these two figures are exchanged. Choose these two figures. The earlier of these two figures is the answer. In case, the positions of no two figures is to be interchanged, then the answer is 5. (S.B.I.P.O. 2005)

Solution: The bent arrow rotates 90 degrees in anti clock wise direction and moves to the adjacent side of the square boundary in a clockwise direction in first, third, fifth, ... steps. The bent pin rotates 90 degrees in clock wise direction and moves to the adjacent side of the square boundary in a clockwise direction in one step and gets rotated through 180 degrees in the next step. Figures 3 and 4 have to be interchanged so as to establish this series. Therefore, figure 3 is the answer.
10: In seven figures framing an arrangement, the primary figure on the extreme left is an unnumbered figure that denote the start of the arrangement. The keep going figure on the extreme right is additionally an unnumbered figure that denote the end of the arrangement. The remaining figure are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 from left to right. However, one of these five considers does not fit along with the arrangement and should be exchanged. Select the figure and the number of this figure is the answer. (Bank P.O. 2005)

Solution: The outermost and the innermost elements rotate 90 degrees in anti clock wise direction and move one space in an anti clock direction in every step while the middle element rotates 90 degrees in clock wise direction and moves one space in clock wise direction in each step. Therefore, figure 3 is the answer.
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