Direction: (1 - 20) In each questions given below is given a statements followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

(1) If only Assumption I is implicit. (2) If only Assumption II is implicit. (3) If either Assumption I or Assumption II is implicit. (4) If neither Assumption I nor Assumption II is implicit. (5) If both Assumption I and II are implicit.

1. Statements:

The Govt. has recently announced additional food for work programmes for all the drought affected regions in the country

Assumptions :

I. The Govt. has adequate funds to run these programmes. II. Affected people may be able to get at least one meal a day to these programmes.

2. Statements:

Most of the engineering colleges in the State applied to the regulatory body for sanctioning more number of seats for the next academic session.

Assumptions :

I. The regulatory body may grant additional seats sought for by the engineering colleges of the state. II. The engineering colleges of the state may get adequate number of applications to fill in the additional seats.

3. Statements:

The municipal corporation has announced 50 percent reduction in water supply till monsoon arrives in the city

Assumptions :

I. People may protest against the unilateral decision of the municipal corporation. II. Municipal Corporation may reduce its taxes from the residents as it failed to provide adequate water.

4. Statements:

In view of the severe heat waves passing through the State, the Govt. has asked all the schools to remain closed for the next fortnight with immediate effect.

Assumptions :

I. The heat waves may not continue beyond a fortnight. II. The parents of the students may not allow their wards to attend school even after a fortnight.

5. Statements:

Many people were caught by the railway police while they were trying to cross the railway tracks and imposed heavy penalty before releasing them.

Assumptions :

I. People may refrain from crossing railway tracks in future. II. People may continue crossing railway tracks and pay heavy penalty.

6. Statements:

A very large number of people stood in the queue for buying ticket for the one-day international cricket match scheduled to be played in the city on the next day.

Assumptions :

I. No other one-day international cricket match may be played in the city for the next six months. II. Majority of those who stood in the queue may be able to get ticket for the one-day international cricket match.

7. Statements:

The highway police authority has put up large boards at regular intervals indicating the speed limit and dangers of overspending on the highways.

Assumptions :

I. Most of the motorists may drive their vehicles within the speed limit on the highways. II. Motorists generally ignore such cautions and over-speed on the highways

8. Statements:

The employees’s association urged its members to stay away from the annual function as many of their demands were not met by the management.

Assumptions :

I. Majority of the members of the association may not attend the function. II. The management may cancel the annual function.

9. Statements:

The Sarpanch of the village called a meeting of all the heads of the families to discuss the problem of acute shortage of drinking water in the village.

Assumptions :

I. The Sarpanch had earlier called such meetings to discuss various problems. II. Most of the heads of families may attend the meeting called by the Sarpanch.

10. Statements:

The Municipal Corporation advised all the people living in the shanties along the beaches to move to higher places during monsoon

Assumptions :

I. Many people living in the shanties may leave the city and relocate themselves elsewhere in the State. II. Majority of the people living in the shanties along the beach may try to relocate to higher places during monsoon.

11. Statements:

The district authority has decided to set up wireless communication along the coastline in view of the cyclonic storm hitting the coast.

Assumptions :

I. The telephone communications may be parlayed due to the cyclonic storm. II. The wireless communications systems may be able to withstand the impact of the cyclonic storm.

12. Statements:

The Govt. of India has appointed a Joint Parliamentary Committee to investigate into the recent stock market crash.

Assumptions :

I. The members of the committee may possess requisite expertise to carry out the investigation. II. The people responsible for the crash may destroy all their documents before the committee lay their hands on them.

13. Statements:

The management of the passenger car manufacturing company has decided to reduce its workforce in view of the sluggish demand in the market.

Assumptions :

I. The demand of cars manufactured by the company may continue to be lower in the near future. II. The company may be able to run its operation with the reduced work force.

14. Statements:

The State Govt. has issued a notification to the effect that all the coaching classes must register themselves immediately giving details of fees, infrastructural facilities and bio data of teachers.

Assumptions :

I. All those coaching classes which do not have requisite infrastructure and teachers may close down. II. All the coaching classes may hereafter charge uniform fees from all the students.

15. Statements:

The Union Finance Minister has recently announced that those who earn upto Rs 3 lakhs per annum will get the benefit of additional Rs. 5,000 under standard deduction.

Assumptions :

I. The people may welcome the decision and support the Govt. in its operation. II. The Govt. may be able to manage the revenue loss on account of the announcement.

16. Statements:

Because of the large number of potholes in the road X, reaching airport in time has become difficult.

Assumptions :

I. Reaching airport in time may not be always necessary. II. There is no other convenient road to the airport.

17. Statements:

Govt. need not spend even a paise to provide water tankers to the drought stricken localities in the state.

Assumptions :

I. Non-Govt. Organizations also need not spend money on providing water tankers. II. Water tankers cannot overcome the water shortage of the drought-stricken localities.

18. Statements:

Why don’t you go to the court if the employer does not pay you the Provident Fund contribution?

Assumptions :

I. Courts can intervene in matters of dispute between employer and employees. II. It is obligatory for the employer to pay the Provident Fund contribution to the employees

19. Statements:

Weapon, inspectors of country ‘X’ could not detect the presence of chemical weapons in the custody of country ‘Y’

Assumptions :

I. Country ‘X’ allowed the weapon inspectors of country ‘Y’ to inspect weapons. II. Presence of chemical weapons cannot be detected.

20. Statements:

Govt. need not spend even a paise to provide water tankers to the drought stricken localities in the state.

Assumptions :

I. There are certain drought affected localities in the state. II. Providing water tankers incurs some cost.

Answers and Explanation
1. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Clearly both the assumptions are implicit in the statement.
2. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Clearly both the assumptions are implicit in the statement.
3. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - None of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
4. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - Obviously, only assumption I is implicit in the statement
5. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - Obviously, only assumption I is implicit in the statement
6. Answer - Option 2
7. Answer - Option 5
8. Answer - Option 1
9. Answer - Option 2
10. Answer - Option 2
11. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Both the assumptions are implicit in the statement. It is mentioned in the statement that wireless communication systems are to be set up along the coastline in view of the cyclonic storm hitting the coast. Therefore, it can be safely assumed that telephone communication may be paralyzed due to the cyclonic storm For similar reason assumption II is also implicit in the statement.
12. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - Only assumption I is implicit in the statement. The Joint Parliamentary Committee has been formed assuming that its members may carry out investigation properly. Assumption II is not implicit in the statement because in that case there is no need to appoint a Joint Parliamentary Committee.
13. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Both the assumptions are implicit in the statement. If the reduced demand of car was a temporary phenomenon then the management has not taken the decision to reduce its workforce. Again, it can be safely assumed that the company is able to run its operation with reduced workforce.
14. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - Only assumption I is implicit in the statement. Any Govt. notification is required to be complied by those for which notice is issued. There may be different fees for different courses
15. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - The decision is beneficial for the public and hence people will welcome the decision. It can be assumed that the negative aspect of the decision is reparable. Hence both the assumptions are implicit in the statement.
16. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - Only assumption II is implicit in the statement. Because of the large number of potholes in a particular road it is difficult to reach airport in time. It implies that there is no other convenient road to the airport.
17. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - None of the assumptions are implicit in the statement.
18. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Both the assumptions are implicit in the statement. If courts cannot intervene in matters of dispute between employer and employees, then the statement would not have been given. One can go to the court if. PF contribution is not made then it means it is obligatory to pay it. Hence assumption II is also implicit.
19. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - None of the assumptions is implicit in the statement
20. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Both the assumptions are implicit in the statement

Direction: (1 - 19)
In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between ‘strong’ arguments and ‘weak’ arguments. ‘Strong’ arguments are those which are both important and directly related to the question. ‘Weak’ arguments are those which are of minor importance and also may not be directly related to the question or may be related to a trivial aspect of the question.
Each question below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the argument is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument.

(1) If only argument I is strong. (2) If only argument II is strong. (3) If either I or II is strong. (4) If neither I nor II is strong. (5) If both I and II are strong.

1. Statements:

Should sex determination test during pregnancy be completely banned?

Arguments :

I. Yes, this leads to indiscriminate female foeticide and eventually will lead to social imbalance. II. No, people have a right to know about their unborn child.

2. Statements:

Should the parents in India in future be forced to opl for only one child as against two or many at present?

Arguments :

I. Yes, this is the only way to check the ever increasing population of India. II. No, this type of pressure tactic is not adopted by any other country in the world

3. Statements:

Should there be complete ban on mining coal in India?

Arguments :

I. Yes, the present stock of coal will not last long if we continue mining at the present rate. II. No, we do not have alternate energy source of sufficient quantity

4. Statements:

Should all the slums in big cities be demolished and the people living in such slums be relocated outside the city limits?

Arguments :

I. No, all these people will lose their home and livelihood and hence they should not be relocated. II. Yes, the big cities need more and more spaces to carry out developmental activities and hence these slums should be removed.

5. Statements:

Should there be uniforms for students in colleges in India as in schools?

Arguments :

I. Yes, this will improve the ambiance of the colleges as all the students will be decently dressed. II. No, college students should not be regimented and they should be left to choose their clothes for coming to college.

6. Statements:

Should the oil companies be allowed to fix the price of petroleum products depending on market conditions?

Arguments :

I. Yes, this is the only way to make the oil companies commercially viable. II. No, this will put additional burden on the retail prices of essential commodities and will cause lot of hardships to the masses.

7. Statements:

Should capital punishment be abolished altogether in India?

Arguments :

I. Yes, countries belonging to European Union have abolished capital punishment. II. No, this is one way to instill fear in the mind of the criminals which will restrain them from committing heinous crimes

8. Statements:

Should the persons below the age of 18 years be allowed to join armed forces?

Arguments :

I. No, persons below the age of 18 do not have physical and mental maturity to shoulder such burden. II. Yes, this will help the country to develop such armed forces which will serve the country for a longer time.

9. Statements:

Should all the surrogate advertisements released by companies manufacturing tobacco products be banned?

Arguments :

I. Yes, this is the only way to prevent the use of tobacco products by people. II. No, these companies spend a lot of money for preparing these advertisements and hence they should not be banned.

10. Statements:

Should the reservation of jobs for weaker sections of the society be extended to the private sectors also?

Arguments :

I. No, the management of the private sector undertakings would not agree to such compulsions. II. Yes, this will significantly improve the economic conditions of the weaker sections of the society.

11. Statements:

Should liquor companies be held liable for alcohol related accidents caused by underage youth?

Arguments :

I. Yes, they do not advertise the consequences of consuming alcohol. II. No, fake identity cards and licenses are easily available to the youth allowing them to obtain alcohol.

12. Statements:

Should there be legislation to ensure that children provide maintenance to their aging parents.

Arguments :

I. Yes, the magnitude of the problem of abuse and neglect of aged parents by their immediate family is growing. II. No, the cost of implementing this legislation will be too much.

13. Statements:

Should the funding for National Space Research programmes be diverted to addressing the needs of the poor?

Arguments :

I. Yes, our budget for space research is lower than that of other countries. So we can not compete with them and hence it can be put to better use in schemes to benefit the poor. II. No, communication satellites help to provide services like tele medicine. So people in rural areas can get access to the best professional advice.

14. Statements:

Should the Govt. force private broadcasters to share coverage of international cricket matches involving the national team with the Govt. owned national network?

Arguments :

I. Yes, people without access to satellite television can get to see their national team playing in major international tournaments. II. No, private broadcasters will take legal action against the Govt.

15. Statements:

Should loss incurring Govt. airlines be merged into a single entity?

Arguments :

I. Yes, the merger will poor their resources allowing them to expand their services and be more competitive with private and foreign airlines. II. No, the merger will result in loss of jobs.

16. Statements:

Should the admission to professional courses in India be given only on merit without any concession to any particular group of students?

Arguments :

I. Yes, this will improve the quality of the professionals as they will be able to complete the courses successfully. II. No, this will keep large number of socially and economically backward students out of the reach of the professional courses.

17. Statements:

Should the State Govt. be allowed to retain major shares of the central taxes collected in the respective States?

Arguments :

I. No, the Central Govt. should receive the major share as most of the developmental programmes are funded by the Central Govt. II. Yes, most of the States Govt. are short of funds and they badly need more funds.

18. Statements:

Should all the private sector banks be immediately merged with the public sector banks?

Assumptions :

I. No, the private sector banks are profit making entities and hence they should not be merged. II. Yes, this will safeguard the hard earned money of the customers and their interests will be secured.

19. Statements:

Should the in charge of all the police stations in the country be transferred every two years?

Arguments :

I. No, this will create lot of administrative hassles and will also create lot of inconvenience to the police officers. II. Yes, this is the only way to eradicate the nexus between police officers and anti social elements.

Answers and Explanation
1. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - It is important to ensure gender equality. Hence, argument I is strong. Argument II is weak because it focuses on trivial aspect.
2. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - Argument I is not true. Hence, I is not strong. Argument II is not the right way of arguing because the need of India can be different from the need of other countries in the world.
3. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - Argument I deviates from the core issue. Hence, I is weak. Argument II shows the compulsion clearly. Hence, II is strong.
4. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Argument I is strong because of humanity ground. Argument II is strong because of the ground of development.
5. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Argument I is strong because of educational ground, argument II is strong because of the ground of liberty (of a student after a certain age).
6. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - Only argument II seems to be strong. Hike in prices of petroleum products affects the price structure of the most of the essential commodities. The use of term “only” in the argument I makes it invalid.
7. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - Only II argument is strong. We know that citing example is a bad argumentation.
8. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - Argument I seems to be strong.
9. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - Neither of the arguments is strong The use of term ‘only’ in the I argument makes it invalid.
10. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - Only argument II seems to be strong.
11. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - Fake identity cards and licenses are easily available to youth allowing them to obtain alcohol so liquor companies should be held liable from related accidents so II arguments strong and I is weak.
12. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - Problem of abuse and neglect of aged parents by their immediate family is growing so there should be legislation for providing maintenance to aged persons so I argument is strong and argument II is weak.
13. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - The funding for National Space Research programmes can not be diverted because it can be helpful to provide services like tele medicine and other useful information's.
14. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - Govt. should force private broad caster to space coverage of international cricket matches team with national network which will be helpful for the people without access to satellite television and provide them full entertainment.
15. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - Merger of loss making Govt. airlines into a single entity will expand the services and be more competitive with private and foreign airlines. So I argument is strong.
16. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - Our country seeks to support educationally and economically backward classes for their overall growth and development. Therefore, argument I is not strong.
17. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - In order to decide whether the argument is strong or not firstly decide the desirability of the statement. Therefore, neither of the arguments is strong.
18. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - The reason mentioned in the argument I is not convincing. Therefore, argument I is not strong. Argument II does not answer the question how public sector banks will safeguard the money of the customers. Thus, argument II is also not strong.
19. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - Neither of the arguments is strong. The use of term ‘only’ in the argument II makes it invalid.

Direction: (1 - 15)
In each question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up or further action in regard to the problem, policy, etc. On the basis of the information given in the statement, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.

(1) If only I follows. (2) If only II follows. (3) If either I or II follows. (4) If neither I nor II follows. (5) If both I and II follow.

1. Statements:

Many people in the coastal town have been suffering from respiratory diseases during past few months.

Courses of action:

I. The Govt. should immediately send a team of health professionals to provide medical care to the affected people. II. The people suffering from such diseases should be kept in a special ward and put through proper medication.

2. Statements:

There has been a substantial drop in the number of people opting for new telephone connection from the public sector telephone company in the recent months.

Courses of action:

I. The public sector telephone company should immediately set up a committee to identify the reasons for the drop. II. The public sector telephone company should offer new schemes with value added services to woo the new clients.

3. Statements:

A speeding truck has seriously injured many persons sleeping on the roadside early in the morning.

Courses of action:

I. The local administration should immediately put a complete ban on people sleeping on the roadsides. II. The driver of the speeding truck should be nabbed and tried for the crime he committed.

4. Statements:

The apex court has directed that there is a need to bring in a mechanism in the Govt. functions to make them transparent

Courses of action:

I. The Govt. should immediately appoint a task force to work out the modalities. II. The Govt. should appeal to the apex court to reconsider its directive.

5. Statements:

There has been an unprecedented increase in the number of students applying for admission to first Std. in a local school, making it difficult for the school authority to convince the parents of rejected applicants.

Courses of action:

I. The school authority should immediately put in place objective criteria for admitting students to select the required number. II. The school authority should open another school in the area to accommodate the remaining students.

6. Statements:

The local college principal has ordered that all the students must strictly adhere to the dress code stipulated by the college authority in the admission brochure.

Courses of action:

I. Those student who are found to violate the dress code should be rusticated from the college. II. Those students who are found to violate the dress code for the first time should be reprimanded and be warned against further violation.

7. Statements:

The railways have decided to repair the main track within the city on the following Sunday and have decided to suspend operations for the whole day.

Courses of action:

I. The railway authority should issue public notification well in advance to case inconvenience to the passengers. II. All the long-distance trains entering the city during the repair hours should be stopped outside the city limit.

8. Statements:

Many motorists driving on the highway within the city are found to be driving much beyond the permissible speed limit

Courses of action: :

I. The traffic police officials should personally monitor the movement of vehicles on the highway within the city. II. The Govt. should immediately put in place a mechanism to identify and punish erring drivers.

9. Statements:

Majority of the city employees in the renowned BPO company have left their jobs to protest against inhuman treatment meted out to them by the company.

Courses of action:

I. The Govt. should immediately order the BPO company to close down its operation. II. The BPO company should shift its operations to some other place to continue its operations.

10. Statements:

The management of the organization has issued a circular to all its employees stating that each employee must report for duty at 10.00 A.M. sharp and should remain in his/her workplace till 5.30 P.M. everyday

Courses of action:

I. The management should evolve a mechanism to identify such employees who may not adhere to the time schedule. II. All such employees who are found to be failing to maintain time schedule should be summarily suspended.

11. Statements:

There has been a spurt of robbery and housebreaking incidents in the locality during the past fortnight.

Courses of action:

I. The local police station personnel should start patrolling the locality at regular intervals. II. The residents in the locality should be asked by the police authority not to leave their houses during the night.

12. Statements:

Money has become more important than the game itself in the case of Indian cricket.

Courses of action:

I. Govt. should put a cap on the earnings from different sources of the Indian cricket board. II. Govt. should put a cap on the earnings from different sources of Indian cricket players.

13. Statements:

Very large numbers of people from northern part of the city are suffering from water borne diseases.

Courses of action:

I. The municipal authority should advise people living in the area not to use water supplied through pipeline for drinking purpose. II. The local hospitals should be put on high alert to tacklet the emerging crisis

14. Statements:

The quality of food grains being distributed in some parts of the country through Public Distribution System is very poor and not fit for human consumption.

Courses of action: :

I. The entire stock of food grains should immediately be withdrawn from the distribution system. II. People should be advised to return the food grains purchased from the system and take their money back.

15. Statements:

A large number of people gathered on the highway blocking the traffic movement to protest the killing of five locals by a speeding vehicle

Assumptions :

I. The police should fire teargas shells to disperse the crowd. II. The police authority should calm down the sentiment of the crowd assuring action against the culprit and deploy police personnel at the spot.

16. Statements:

People in the locality were agitated as more than thirty people died in a building collapse.

Courses of action: :

I. Govt. should immediately announce compensations for the affected families. II. Authorities should take a stringent action against builders tending to compromise over quality of material used.

17. Statements:

More number of students passing X th class examination has resulted into frustration among children for not getting admissions in colleges of their choice.

Courses of action:s :

I. Govt. should permit the colleges to increase the number of seats. II. Children and their parents should be counseled for being flexible on the choice of college.

18. Statements:

With the onset of monsoon all the hospitals are getting increased number of patients due to various epidemics.

Courses of action: :

I. Civil authorities should educate the public the need for observing minimum required hygiene. II. Civic authorities should make arrangements to equip the hospitals with required medicines and other facilities

19. Statements:

Expensive clothes and accessories are becoming a growing need among college going teenage children of middle income group.

Courses of action:

I. Colleges should introduce a dress code. II. Children should be counseled emphasizing the importance of many other things.

Answers and Explanation
1. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Action I will be helpful for the people to get the service at their doors. Hence, I is advisable. Proper care as well as proper medication is necessary to cure people from the disease. Hence, action II is also advisable.
2. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Action I will be helpful in choosing a suitable course of action to attract the customers towards the public sector telephone company. Hence, I is advisable. Also, the new schemes and value added services may attract some more customers. Hence, action II is also advisable.
3. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - The incident occurred because of the rash driving. Hence, action I is not advisable. Action II is necessary. Hence, II is advisable.
4. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - The statement consists of an instruction. Here we have to look for those course of actions which can be helpful in executing the instruction (plan) properly. Action I will fulfill our need. Hence, I is advisable. Action II is absurd. Hence, II is not advisable.
5. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - Action II may solve the problem but it will take a long time. Hence, II is impractical. Action I is advisable because it is the practical approach to solve the problem.
6. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - The student who are found to violate should be warned. It will not be better to take any extreme action. So action I does not follow. Only action II follow.
7. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - The public should not face any sort of problem while commuting so the Govt. should give them a prior notice so action I follows. Many disorder will arise if all the train stop at the outer end of the cities so Govt. should form a temporary way for their movement. So action II does not follow.
8. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - Action I does not follow the statement because it is not possible for the traffic police officers to personally monitor the movement of vehicles. Action II is not following the statement because the Govt. has facilities to punish them this necessary to formed much better than that ones.
9. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - Action I does not follow because it is an extreme step. Action II does not follow as it is not sure that by taking this step the operations will be continued.
10. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - When a new rule is made, then there is a great need to follow that rule so, action I follow it. If any employ does not choose to follow the rule then he should be dismissed by the company, so action II also follow.
11. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - Action I is a good preventive measure. Hence, I is advisable. Action II is not advisable because it will create problem for those who go for work during night.
12. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - Neither I nor II action will solve the problem. Hence, both I and II are not advisable.
13. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - The water supply can be used after proper treatment. Hence, action I is not advisable. Action II will be helpful in providing treatment to the patients. Hence, II is advisable.
14. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - Look at the questions part carefully. Such problem exists in some part of the country. Therefore, it is not judicious to withdrawn the entire stock of food grains. Hence, action I is not advisable. Action II is advisable.
15. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - Action I is not necessary because the situation is not grim. Action II is the right way to deal the situation. Hence, II is advisable.
16. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Action I is advisable because it will provide some relief to the affected families. Agitation of people in the localities implies that the carelessness of the builder led the unpleasant incidence. Hence, II is advisable.
17. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - Action I is not advisable because it will increase the problem. Action II is advisable because the move will pave the way for many frustrated students to get admission in other colleges.
18. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Awareness of people will be helpful in reducing the menace. Hence, action I is advisable. Proper treatment of the patients is necessary. Hence, action II is also advisable.
19. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - Action I will not reduce the problem. Hence, I is not advisable. Action II aims at proper counseling. Hence, II is advisable.

Direction: (1 - 20)
Below in each question are given two statements (A) and (B). These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement.
Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.

(1) if statement (A) is the cause and statement (B) is its effect. (2) if statement (B) is the cause and statement (A) is its effect. (3) if both the statements (A) and (B) are independent causes. (4) if both the statements (A) and (B) are effects of independent causes.

1.

A. The residents reported of increased criminal activities in the area to the local police station.
B. Many criminals were arrested by searching the residence of the suspected individuals

2.

A. Govt. has awarded a high stake reward scheme for such persons who may provide any information about the suspect.
B. Four members of a family were brutally murdered by unidentified gunmen.

3.

A. There have been sporadic events of stone pelting throughout the day in the affected areas of the city.
B. Many wounded people were brought to the nearby hospitals from the affected areas of the city.

4.

A. many people left from the city for their native places during the summer months.
B. Many tourists gathered in the city during summer months.

5.

A. All the schools declared holiday on the next day of the major festival.
B. All the colleges declared holiday on the next day of the major festival.

6.

A. Most of the students enrolled themselves for educational tour scheduled for next month.
B. The school authority canceled the educational tour scheduled for next month.

7.

A. The prices of fruits have dropped substantially during the last few days.
B. The prices of food grains have increased substantially during the last few days.

8.

A. The road traffic between the two towns in the state has been disrupted since last week.
B. The rail traffic between the two towns in the state has been disrupted since last week.

9.

A. Heavy showers are expected in the city areas during next forty-eight hours.
B. The inter-club cricket tournament scheduled for the week was called off.

10.

A. Govt. has decided to distribute part of the food grain stock through Public Distribution System to people below poverty line.
B. There has been bumper kharif crops for the last two seasons.

11.

A. There were heavy rains in city during the past seven days.
B. Municipal Authority has warned people that they should not consume prepared food available at the stalls on road-side.

12.

A. Govt. has appointed a large number of teachers in all the Govt. run schools in the State
B. There has been a significant reduction in number of school dropouts in the Govt. run schools

13.

A. All the airline corporations have increased the fares in all the domestic sectors with immediate effect.
B. The state road transport corporations have increased the fares on long distance routes with immediate effect.

14.

A. The prices of vegetables have fallen considerably during the last few days.
B. There has been considerable improvement in quality of vegetable products.

15.

A. The Govt. has increased the prices of petrol and diesel by 10 percent with immediate effect.
B. The oil producing countries have decided to increase the crude oil production by about 20 percent during the next quarter.

16.

A. Major part of the sugarcane crop were affected by pests resulting into huge loss incurred by the farmers in the state.
B. The farmers in the state who were cultivating sugarcane earlier have now switched over to grapes cultivation this year.

17.

A. There has been a high increase in the incidents of securities against women in the city during the past few months.
B. The police authority has been unable to nab the culprits who are committing crime against women.

18.

A. The Govt. has recently fixed the fees for professional courses offered by the unaided institutions which are much lower than the fees charged last year.
B. The parents of the aspiring students launched a severe agitation last year protesting against the high fees charged by the unaided institutions.

19.

A. The Prime Minister has visited the drought affected areas and promised Govt. assistance to help the farmers. B. A large number of farmers in the drought affected areas have been suffering due to drought situation and are unable to feed their family.

20.

A. All the lakes supplying water to the city started overflowing at the end of the second month of the monsoon.
B. The normal life in the city has been disrupted quite a few times in the first two months of the monsoon due to water loging at various parts.

Answers and Explanation
1. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - The report to the police led to the criminal’s arrest.
2. Answer - Option 2
Explanation - The murders have led to the announcement of the award.
3. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - The stone-pelting led to the wounded being brought to the hospitals.
4. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - A is the effect of summer vacation while B is the effect of trying to get relief in summer.
5. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - Both are the effects of the fact that festivals cause fatigue.
6. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - Cause for students to get enrolled for tour and for authorities to cancel the tour seem not to have same causes.
7. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - Fruit and food grains, though both are edible thing but there is no common cause which may shoot up the price of food grain and decrease the price of fruits.
8. Answer - Option 5
Explanation - The distribution of road traffic and Rail traffic between two towns may be the effect of common cause as bad weather or riot.
9. Answer - Option 1
Explanation - Heavy showers in city may be cause and the calling off of cricket tournament may its effect.
10. Answer - Option 4
Explanation - Govt. decision to distribute food grains stock through Public Distribution System maybe the effect of the aim of Govt. to provide food grains to poor while the bumper Kharif crop may the effect to modern technology and the effective measures for agriculture.
11. Answer - Option 4
12. Answer - Option 4
13. Answer - Option 4
14. Answer - Option 4
15. Answer - Option 5
16. Answer - Option 1
17. Answer - Option 2
18. Answer - Option 2
19. Answer - Option 2
20. Answer - Option 5